Moyendetsedwa ndi kusintha kwa digito, maukonde amakampani salinso "zingwe zochepa zolumikiza makompyuta." Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zida za IoT, kusamuka kwa mautumiki kupita kumtambo, komanso kuwonjezereka kwa ntchito zakutali, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pa intaneti kwaphulika, ngati kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pamsewu waukulu. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto kumeneku kumabweretsanso zovuta: zida zachitetezo sizitha kujambula zidziwitso zofunikira, makina owunikira amakhala ndi zidziwitso zosafunikira, ndipo ziwopsezo zobisika m'magalimoto obisika sizidziwika. Apa ndipamene "wopereka chikho wosaoneka" wotchedwa Network Packet Broker (NPB) amabwera bwino. Kuchita ngati mlatho wanzeru pakati pa magalimoto apaintaneti ndi zida zowunikira, imayendetsa chipwirikiti chamayendedwe pamaneti onse pomwe ikudyetsa molondola zida zowunikira zomwe amafunikira, kuthandiza mabizinesi kuthana ndi zovuta zapaintaneti "zosawoneka, zosafikirika". Lero, tipereka chidziwitso chokwanira cha gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito ndi kukonza maukonde.
1. Chifukwa chiyani makampani akufunafuna ma NPB tsopano? - "Kufunika Kowoneka" kwa Complex Networks
Ganizirani izi: Pamene netiweki yanu ikugwiritsa ntchito zida za IoT mazanamazana, mazana a maseva amtambo, ndi antchito omwe amazipeza kutali kuchokera kulikonse, mungawonetse bwanji kuti palibe magalimoto oyipa omwe amalowa? Kodi mungadziwe bwanji maulalo omwe akuchulukirachulukira ndikuchepetsa magwiridwe antchito?
Njira zowunikira zachikhalidwe zakhala zosakwanira: mwina zida zowunikira zitha kungoyang'ana pamagulu ena amsewu, kusowa mafungulo ofunika; kapena amadutsa magalimoto onse ku chida nthawi imodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisathe kukumba zambiri ndikuchepetsa kusanthula kwachangu. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi kupitilira 70% yamagalimoto omwe tsopano ali obisika, zida zachikhalidwe sizitha kuwona zomwe zili.
Kuwonekera kwa NPBs kumakhudza ululu wa "kusowa kwa mawonekedwe a intaneti." Amakhala pakati pa malo olowera magalimoto ndi zida zowunikira, kuphatikizira kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwazika, kusefa zomwe zidasokonekera, ndipo pamapeto pake amagawira magalimoto olondola ku IDS (Intrusion Detection Systems), SIEMs (Security Information Management Platforms), zida zowunikira magwiridwe antchito, ndi zina zambiri. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti zida zowunikira sizikhala ndi njala kapena kukhuta. Ma NPB amathanso kubisa ndi kubisa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto, kuteteza deta yodziwika bwino komanso kupereka mabizinesi chithunzithunzi chomveka bwino cha momwe maukonde awo alili.
Titha kunena kuti bola ngati bizinesi ili ndi chitetezo pamanetiweki, kukhathamiritsa kwa magwiridwe antchito kapena zofunikira zotsatiridwa, NPB yakhala gawo losapeŵeka.
NPB ndi chiyani? - Kusanthula Kwachidule kuchokera ku Zomangamanga kupita ku Mphamvu Zapakati
Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti mawu oti "packet broker" ali ndi chotchinga chachikulu cholowera. Komabe, fanizo lofikirika kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito "malo opangira mafotokozedwe": kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pamaneti ndi "maphukusi ofotokozera," NPB ndi "malo osankhidwa," ndipo chida chowunikira ndi "malo olandirira." Ntchito ya NPB ndikuphatikiza mapaketi omwazikana (kuphatikiza), kuchotsa maphukusi olakwika (sefa), ndikusanja ndi adilesi (kugawa). Ikhozanso kumasula ndi kuyang'ana mapepala apadera (decryption) ndi kuchotsa zidziwitso zachinsinsi (kusisita) -njira yonseyo ndi yothandiza komanso yolondola.
1. Choyamba, tiyeni tiwone "mafupa" a NPB: magawo atatu oyambira omanga.
Kuyenda kwa NPB kumadalira kwathunthu mgwirizano wa ma module atatuwa; palibe imodzi mwa izo yomwe ingasowe:
○Magalimoto Ofikira Module: Ndilofanana ndi "doko loperekera mawu" ndipo limagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka polandila kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pa netiweki kuchokera pa switch mirror port (SPAN) kapena splitter (TAP). Mosasamala kanthu kuti ndi magalimoto ochokera ku ulalo wakuthupi kapena maukonde enieni, amatha kusonkhanitsidwa mwanjira yogwirizana.
○Processing Engine:Uwu ndiye "ubongo wapakati pa malo osankhira" ndipo ndi omwe ali ndi udindo pa "processing" yovuta kwambiri - monga kuphatikiza magalimoto ambiri (kuphatikiza), kusefa magalimoto kuchokera kumtundu wina wa IP (sefa), kukopera magalimoto omwewo ndikutumiza ku zida zosiyanasiyana (kukopera), decrypting SSL/TLS encrypted traffic (decryption), etc. Zonse "zamalizidwa apa.
○Distribution Module: Zili ngati "mthenga" yemwe amagawira molondola magalimoto okonzedwa ku zida zowunikira zomwe zikugwirizana nazo ndipo amathanso kuchita zolemetsa zolemetsa - mwachitsanzo, ngati chida chowunikira ntchito chili chotanganidwa kwambiri, gawo la magalimoto lidzagawidwa ku chida chosungirako kuti apewe kulemetsa chida chimodzi.
2. NPB's "Hard Core Capabilities": 12 ntchito zazikulu zimathetsa 90% yamavuto a netiweki
NPB ili ndi ntchito zambiri, koma tiyeni tiyang'ane pa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mabizinesi. Iliyonse ikufanana ndi mfundo yowawa yothandiza:
○Kubwereza Kwa Magalimoto / Kuphatikiza + KusefaMwachitsanzo, ngati bizinesi ili ndi maulalo 10 a netiweki, NPB imayamba kuphatikizira kuchuluka kwa maulalo 10, kenako kusefa "mapaketi obwereza" ndi "magalimoto osagwirizana" (monga kuchuluka kwa anthu ogwira ntchito omwe amawonera makanema), ndikungotumiza magalimoto okhudzana ndi bizinesi ku chida chowunikira - kukonza mwachindunji ndi 300%.
○SSL/TLS Decryption: Masiku ano, ziwopsezo zambiri zoyipa zimabisika mumayendedwe obisika a HTTPS. NPB imatha kumasulira mosamala kuchuluka kwa magalimotowa, kulola zida monga IDS ndi IPS "kuwona" zomwe zasungidwa ndikugwira ziwopsezo zobisika monga maulalo achinyengo ndi ma code oyipa.
○Kuyika Ma Data / Deensitization: Ngati magalimoto ali ndi zidziwitso zachinsinsi monga manambala a kirediti kadi ndi manambala achitetezo cha anthu, NPB "idzachotsa" izi musanazitumize ku chida chowunikira. Izi sizidzakhudza kusanthula kwa chida, komanso zidzatsatira zofunikira za PCI-DSS (kutsata malipiro) ndi HIPAA (kutsata zaumoyo) pofuna kupewa kutayika kwa deta.
○Katundu Kusanja + KulepheraNgati bizinesi ili ndi zida zitatu za SIEM, NPB idzagawaniza magalimoto pakati pawo kuti aletse chida chilichonse kuti chisalemedwe. Chida chimodzi chikalephera, NPB idzasintha nthawi yomweyo magalimoto kupita ku chida chosungirako kuti atsimikizire kuwunika kosasokonezeka. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka m'mafakitale monga azachuma komanso azaumoyo pomwe nthawi yocheperako ndiyosavomerezeka.
○Kuyimitsa Tunnel: VXLAN, GRE ndi ena "Tunnel Protocols" tsopano amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamtambo. Zida zamakono sizingamvetsetse ndondomeko izi. NPB imatha "kusokoneza" mayendedwe awa ndikuchotsa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto mkati, kulola zida zakale kuti zizitha kuyendetsa magalimoto mumtambo.
Kuphatikiza kwa zinthuzi kumathandizira NPB osati "kuwona kudzera" magalimoto obisika, komanso "kuteteza" deta tcheru ndi "kusintha" kumadera osiyanasiyana ochezera a pa Intaneti - chifukwa chake ikhoza kukhala gawo lalikulu.
III. Kodi NPB imagwiritsidwa ntchito pati? - Zochitika zisanu zazikulu zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowa zenizeni zamabizinesi
NPB si chida chamtundu umodzi; m'malo mwake, imasintha mosinthika ku zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Kaya ndi malo opangira data, netiweki ya 5G, kapena malo amtambo, imapeza ntchito zolondola. Tiyeni tiwone milandu ingapo kuti tifotokoze mfundo iyi:
1. Data Center: Kiyi Yoyang'anira Magalimoto A Kummawa ndi Kumadzulo
Malo osungiramo zinthu zakale amayang'ana kwambiri magalimoto akumpoto-kum'mwera (magalimoto ochokera kumaseva kupita kumayiko akunja). Komabe, m'malo opangira data, 80% ya magalimoto ali kum'mawa-kumadzulo (magalimoto pakati pa makina enieni), omwe zida zachikhalidwe sizingagwire. Apa ndipamene ma NPB amathandizira:
Mwachitsanzo, kampani yayikulu yapaintaneti imagwiritsa ntchito VMware kuti ipange malo opangira data. NPB imaphatikizidwa mwachindunji ndi vSphere (pulatifomu yoyang'anira VMware) kuti igwire molondola magalimoto akum'mawa ndi kumadzulo pakati pa makina enieni ndikugawa ku IDS ndi zida zogwirira ntchito. Izi sizimangochotsa "kuyang'anira malo osawona," komanso kumawonjezera mphamvu ya zida ndi 40% kupyolera mu kusefa kwa magalimoto, kudula mwachindunji malo opangira deta (MTTR) pakati.
Kuphatikiza apo, NPB imatha kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa seva ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ndalama zolipirira zikugwirizana ndi PCI-DSS, kukhala "ntchito yofunikira ndikukonza" malo opangira data.
2. Chilengedwe cha SDN/NFV: Maudindo Osinthika Kusintha kwa Ma Networking-Defined Networking
Makampani ambiri tsopano akugwiritsa ntchito SDN (Software Defined Networking) kapena NFV (Network Function Virtualization). Maukonde salinso zida zokhazikika, koma ntchito zamapulogalamu osinthika. Izi zimafuna kuti ma NPB akhale osinthika:
Mwachitsanzo, yunivesite imagwiritsa ntchito SDN kukhazikitsa "Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)" kuti ophunzira ndi aphunzitsi athe kulumikizana ndi netiweki yakusukulu pogwiritsa ntchito mafoni ndi makompyuta awo. NPB imaphatikizidwa ndi wolamulira wa SDN (monga OpenDaylight) kuti atsimikizire kupatukana kwa magalimoto pakati pa malo ophunzitsira ndi maofesi pamene akugawa molondola magalimoto kuchokera kudera lililonse kupita ku zida zowunikira. Njira iyi simakhudza kugwiritsa ntchito kwa ophunzira ndi aphunzitsi, ndipo imalola kuti anthu adziwike munthawi yake za kulumikizana kwachilendo, monga kupeza ma adilesi oyipa akunja a IP.
N'chimodzimodzinso ndi madera a NFV. NPB imatha kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa ma firewall (vFWs) ndi ma balancers (vLBs) kuti awonetsetse kuti "zida zamapulogalamu" izi zikuyenda bwino, zomwe zimakhala zosinthika kwambiri kuposa kuyang'anira zida zamakompyuta.
3. Ma Networks a 5G: Kuwongolera Magalimoto Ochepa ndi Ma Edge Node
Mawonekedwe apakati a 5G ndi "kuthamanga kwambiri, kutsika pang'ono, ndi kulumikizana kwakukulu", koma izi zimabweretsanso zovuta zatsopano pakuwunika: mwachitsanzo, ukadaulo wa "network slicing" wa 5G ukhoza kugawa maukonde amtundu womwewo kukhala maukonde angapo omveka (mwachitsanzo, kagawo kakang'ono koyendetsa galimoto modziyimira pawokha komanso kagawo kakang'ono kolumikizira IoT), ndikuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pagawo lililonse.
Wogwiritsa ntchito wina adagwiritsa ntchito NPB kuti athetse vutoli: adayika kuwunika kodziyimira pawokha kwa NPB pagawo lililonse la 5G, lomwe silingangoyang'ana latency ndi kutulutsa kwa gawo lililonse munthawi yeniyeni, komanso kuletsa magalimoto osavomerezeka (monga kulowa kosaloledwa pakati pa magawo) munthawi yake, kuwonetsetsa kuti pamakhala zofunikira zochepa za latency yamabizinesi ofunikira monga kuyendetsa galimoto.
Kuphatikiza apo, ma 5G m'mphepete mwa makompyuta amwazikana m'dziko lonselo, ndipo NPB imathanso kupereka "mtundu wopepuka" womwe umayikidwa m'mphepete kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwe akugawidwa ndikupewa kuchedwa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutumizirana ma data mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo.
4. Cloud Environment/Hybrid IT: Kuphwanya Zotchinga za Public and Private Cloud Monitoring
Mabizinesi ambiri tsopano amagwiritsa ntchito zomanga zamtambo wosakanizidwa - ntchito zina zimakhala pa Alibaba Cloud kapena Tencent Cloud (mitambo yapagulu), ena pamitambo yawoyawo, ndipo ena pa seva zakomweko. Munthawi imeneyi, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto kumamwazikana m'malo osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuyang'anira kusokonezeke mosavuta.
China Minsheng Bank imagwiritsa ntchito NPB kuthana ndi zowawa izi: bizinesi yake imagwiritsa ntchito Kubernetes potumiza zida. NPB imatha kujambula mwachindunji magalimoto pakati pa zotengera (Pods) ndikugwirizanitsa magalimoto pakati pa ma seva amtambo ndi mitambo yachinsinsi kuti apange "kuwunika-kumapeto" - mosasamala kanthu kuti bizinesiyo ili mumtambo wapagulu kapena pamtambo wachinsinsi, bola ngati pali vuto la magwiridwe antchito, gulu la opareshoni ndi kukonza litha kugwiritsa ntchito deta ya NPB kuti ipeze mwachangu ngati ili ndi vuto ndi ma foni apakati pazida kapena kuwongolera ma foni amtundu wa 6 kapena kuwongolera maulalo amtambo.
Kwa mitambo ya anthu ambiri, NPB imathanso kuwonetsetsa kuti magalimoto amadzilekanitsa pakati pa mabizinesi osiyanasiyana, kuteteza kutayikira kwa data, ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira pamakampani azachuma.
Pomaliza: NPB si "chosankha" koma "choyenera"
Mutawunikiranso izi, mupeza kuti NPB siukadaulo waukadaulo koma chida chokhazikika chamakampani kuti athe kuthana ndi ma network ovuta. Kuchokera kumalo opangira data kupita ku 5G, kuchokera kumitambo yachinsinsi kupita ku hybrid IT, NPB imatha kuchitapo kanthu kulikonse komwe kungafunike mawonekedwe a netiweki.
Ndi kuchuluka kwa AI ndi komputa yam'mphepete, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pamaneti kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, ndipo kuthekera kwa NPB kudzapititsidwa patsogolo (mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito AI kuti muzindikire kuchuluka kwa magalimoto osazolowereka ndikupangitsa kuti kusinthasintha kocheperako kumalire am'mphepete). Kwa mabizinesi, kumvetsetsa ndi kutumiza ma NPB koyambirira kudzawathandiza kulanda maukonde ndikupewa kupotoza pakusintha kwawo kwa digito.
Kodi mudakumanapo ndi zovuta zowunikira maukonde mumakampani anu? Mwachitsanzo, kodi simukuwona kuchuluka kwa magalimoto obisika, kapena kuyang'anira mitambo kosakanizidwa kwasokonezedwa? Khalani omasuka kugawana malingaliro anu mu gawo la ndemanga ndipo tiyeni tifufuze mayankho pamodzi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-23-2025
