TAPs (Mayeso Ofikira), yomwe imadziwikanso kutiReplication Tap, Aggregation Tap, Active Tap, Chikopa cha Copper, Ethernet Tap, Optical Tap, Physical Tap, ndi zina zotero. Ma tap ndi njira yotchuka yopezera data ya netiweki. Amapereka mawonekedwe owoneka bwino pamayendedwe a data pamaneti ndikuwunika molondola zokambirana zapawiri pa liwiro lathunthu, popanda kutayika kwa paketi kapena latency. Kutuluka kwa ma TAP kwasintha gawo la kuyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira maukonde, kusintha kwenikweni njira zopezera njira zowunikira ndi kusanthula ndikupereka yankho lathunthu ndi losinthika panjira yonse yowunikira.
Zotukuka zamakono zapanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matepi: matepi omwe amaphatikiza maulalo angapo, matepi otsitsimutsa omwe amagawaniza kuchuluka kwa ulalo m'magawo angapo, ma bypass tap, ndi masiwichi a tap a matrix.
Pakadali pano, zida zodziwika bwino za Tap pamsikawu zikuphatikizapo NetTAP ndi Mylinking, zomwe Mylinking imadziwika kuti ndi mtundu wabwino kwambiri wa Tap ndi NPB mumakampani aku China, omwe ali ndi gawo lalikulu pamsika, kukhazikika komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino.
Ubwino wa TAP
1. Jambulani 100% ya mapaketi a data popanda kutayika kwa paketi.
2. Mapaketi a data osakhazikika amatha kuyang'aniridwa, kuwongolera zovuta.
3. Zolemba zolondola zanthawi, palibe kuchedwa komanso kubweza nthawi.
4. Kuyika kwa nthawi imodzi kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kugwirizanitsa ndi kusuntha analyzer.
Zoyipa za TAP
1. Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zowonjezera kuti mugule TAP yogawa, yomwe ndi yokwera mtengo ndipo imatenga malo opangira rack.
2. Ulalo umodzi wokha ukhoza kuwonedwa panthawi imodzi.
Magwiritsidwe Odziwika a TAP
1. Maulalo amalonda: Maulalo awa amafuna nthawi yayifupi kwambiri yothetsa mavuto. Poika ma TAP pamalumikizidwe awa, mainjiniya apa intaneti amatha kupeza mwachangu ndikuthetsa mavuto adzidzidzi.
2. Maulalo apakati kapena amsana. Izi zimakhala ndi magwiritsidwe apamwamba a bandwidth ndipo sizingasokonezedwe polumikiza kapena kusuntha analyzer. TAP imatsimikizira kujambulidwa kwa data 100% popanda kutayika kwa paketi, kupereka chitsimikizo cha magwiridwe antchito pakuwunika kolondola kwa maulalo awa.
3. VoIP ndi QoS: Kuyesa kwautumiki kwa VoIP kumafuna jitter yolondola ndi miyeso yotayika paketi. Ma TAP amatsimikizira mayesowa, koma ma doko owoneka bwino amatha kusintha ma jitter ndikupereka mitengo yotayika ya paketi.
4. Kuthetsa mavuto: Onetsetsani kuti mapaketi a data osakhazikika komanso olakwika apezeka. Madoko owoneka bwino amasefa mapaketiwa, kuletsa mainjiniya kuti apereke chidziwitso chofunikira komanso chokwanira cha data kuti athetse mavuto.
5. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa IDS: IDS imadalira chidziwitso chonse cha deta kuti izindikire njira zowonongeka, ndipo TAP ikhoza kupereka mitsinje yodalirika komanso yokwanira ya deta ku dongosolo lodziwiratu.
6. Gulu la seva: Kugawaniza kwa ma port ambiri kumatha kulumikiza maulalo a 8/12 panthawi imodzimodzi, kupangitsa kusintha kwakutali ndi kwaulere, komwe kuli kosavuta kuyang'anira ndi kusanthula nthawi iliyonse.
SPAN (Kusintha Port Analysis)amadziwikanso kuti Mirrored Port kapena Port Mirror. Zosintha zapamwamba zimatha kukopera mapaketi a data kuchokera kudoko limodzi kapena angapo kupita kudoko losankhidwa, lotchedwa "galasi lolowera" kapena "doko lofikira." Analyzer amatha kulumikizana ndi doko loyang'aniridwa kuti alandire deta. Komabe, izi zitha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito ndikupangitsa kuti paketi iwonongeke data ikadzaza.
Ubwino wa SPAN
1. Zachuma, palibe zida zowonjezera zofunika.
2. Magalimoto onse pa VLAN pa switch akhoza kuyang'aniridwa nthawi imodzi.
3. Wosanthula m'modzi amatha kuyang'anira maulalo angapo.
Zoyipa za SPAN
1. Kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa magalimoto kuchokera ku madoko angapo kupita kudoko kungayambitse kuchulukira kwa cache ndi kutayika kwa paketi.
2. Mapaketi amasinthidwanso pamene akudutsa mu cache, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosatheka kudziwa molondola masikelo a nthawi monga jitter, kusanthula kwapakati pa paketi, ndi latency.
3. Kulephera kuyang'anira OSI wosanjikiza 1.2 mapaketi zolakwika. Madoko ambiri owonera ma data amasefa mapaketi a data osakhazikika, omwe sangapereke zambiri zatsatanetsatane komanso zothandiza pakuthana ndi mavuto.
4. Chifukwa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto padoko loyang'aniridwa kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa CPU pa switch, kupangitsa kuti kusinthaku kuchepe.
Ntchito Zofananira za SPAN
1. Pakuti maulalo ndi otsika bandiwifi ndi luso magalasi abwino, Mipikisano doko galasi angagwiritsidwe ntchito kusanthula kusintha ndi kuwunika.
2. Kuyang'anira zochitika: Ngati kuwunika kolondola sikofunikira, ziwerengero za data zosakhazikika ndizokwanira.
3. Kusanthula kwa Protocol ndi kugwiritsa ntchito: chidziwitso chofunikira cha data chikhoza kuperekedwa mosavuta komanso mwachuma kuchokera pa doko lagalasi
4. Kuwunika kwathunthu kwa VLAN: Ukadaulo wowonera ma doko angapo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyang'anira VLAN yonse pa switch.
Chiyambi cha VLAN:
Choyamba, tiyeni tidziwitse lingaliro lofunikira la dera lowulutsa. Izi zikutanthawuza kusiyanasiyana komwe mafelemu owulutsira (maadiresi a MAC onse ndi 1) amatha kufalikira, ndipo mwa kuyankhula kwina, kuchuluka komwe kulumikizana mwachindunji ndikotheka. Kunena zowona, osati mafelemu owulutsa okha, komanso mafelemu owulutsa ambiri ndi mafelemu osadziwika a unicast amatha kuyenda momasuka mkati mwa madera omwewo.
Poyambirira, chosinthira cha Layer 2 chimatha kukhazikitsa gawo limodzi lowulutsa. Pakusintha kwa Layer 2 popanda ma VLAN aliwonse osinthidwa, chimango chilichonse chowulutsa chimatumizidwa kumadoko onse kupatula malo olandirira (kusefukira). Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito ma VLAN kumapangitsa kuti maukonde agawidwe m'magawo angapo owulutsa. Ma VLAN ndiukadaulo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kugawa magawo owulutsa pama switch a Layer 2. Pogwiritsa ntchito ma VLAN, titha kupanga mwaufulu mawonekedwe a madera owulutsa, ndikuwonjezera kusinthasintha kwa kapangidwe ka maukonde.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-04-2025
