Aliyense m'moyo wathu amalumikizana ndi IT ndi OT pronoun, tiyenera kudziwa bwino IT, koma OT ikhoza kukhala yosazolowereka, kotero lero ndikugawana nanu mfundo zina zoyambira za IT ndi OT.
Kodi Ukadaulo Wogwira Ntchito (OT) ndi chiyani?
Ukadaulo wogwirira ntchito (OT) ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida ndi mapulogalamu kuti aziyang'anira ndikuwongolera njira zakuthupi, zida, ndi zomangamanga. Machitidwe aukadaulo wogwirira ntchito amapezeka m'magawo ambiri omwe amafunikira chuma chambiri. Akugwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana kuyambira pakuyang'anira zomangamanga zofunika kwambiri (CI) mpaka kuwongolera maloboti omwe ali pa malo opangira zinthu.
OT imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo kupanga, mafuta ndi gasi, kupanga ndi kugawa magetsi, ndege, zapamadzi, sitima, ndi mautumiki.
IT (Information Technology) ndi OT (Operational Technology) ndi mawu awiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale, omwe akuyimira ukadaulo wazidziwitso ndi ukadaulo wogwirira ntchito motsatana, ndipo pali kusiyana ndi kulumikizana pakati pawo.
IT (Information Technology) imatanthauza ukadaulo wokhudza zida zamakompyuta, mapulogalamu, maukonde ndi kasamalidwe ka deta, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza ndikuwongolera zambiri ndi njira zamabizinesi pamlingo wamakampani. IT imayang'ana kwambiri pakukonza deta, kulumikizana ndi maukonde, kupanga mapulogalamu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kukonza mabizinesi, monga machitidwe odziyimira pawokha aofesi, machitidwe oyang'anira database, zida zamaukonde, ndi zina zotero.
Ukadaulo Wogwira Ntchito (OT) umatanthauza ukadaulo wokhudzana ndi ntchito zenizeni, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka posamalira ndikuwongolera zida zam'munda, njira zopangira mafakitale, ndi machitidwe achitetezo. OT imayang'ana kwambiri mbali za kuwongolera zokha, kuyang'anira kuzindikira, kupeza ndi kukonza deta nthawi yeniyeni pamizere yopanga mafakitale, monga machitidwe owongolera kupanga (SCADA), masensa ndi ma actuator, ndi ma protocol olumikizirana ndi mafakitale.
Kugwirizana pakati pa IT ndi OT ndikuti ukadaulo ndi ntchito za IT zingapereke chithandizo ndi kukonza bwino OT, monga kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde apakompyuta ndi mapulogalamu kuti akwaniritse kuyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira zida zamafakitale patali; Nthawi yomweyo, deta yeniyeni ndi momwe OT imagwirira ntchito zingaperekenso chidziwitso chofunikira pazisankho zamabizinesi a IT ndi kusanthula deta.
Kuphatikiza IT ndi OT ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'mafakitale omwe alipo. Mwa kuphatikiza ukadaulo ndi deta ya IT ndi OT, kupanga mafakitale kogwira mtima komanso mwanzeru komanso kasamalidwe ka ntchito zitha kuchitika. Izi zimathandiza mafakitale ndi mabizinesi kuyankha bwino kusintha kwa kufunikira kwa msika, kukonza magwiridwe antchito ndi mtundu wa ntchito, ndikuchepetsa ndalama ndi zoopsa.
-
Kodi Chitetezo cha OT n'chiyani?
Chitetezo cha OT chimatanthauzidwa ngati machitidwe ndi ukadaulo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito:
(a) Kuteteza anthu, katundu, ndi chidziwitso,
(b) Kuyang'anira ndi/kapena kuwongolera zida zenizeni, machitidwe ndi zochitika, ndi
(c) Yambitsani kusintha kwa boma ku machitidwe a OT amakampani.
Mayankho achitetezo a OT akuphatikizapo ukadaulo wosiyanasiyana wachitetezo kuyambira ma firewall a m'badwo wotsatira (NGFWs) mpaka machitidwe azidziwitso zachitetezo ndi kasamalidwe ka zochitika (SIEM) mpaka kupeza ndi kuyang'anira zizindikiritso, ndi zina zambiri.
Mwachikhalidwe, chitetezo cha pa intaneti cha OT sichinali chofunikira chifukwa machitidwe a OT sanali olumikizidwa ndi intaneti. Chifukwa chake, sanakumane ndi ziwopsezo zakunja. Pamene njira zopangira zatsopano za digito (DI) zinkakulirakulira komanso maukonde a IT OT adalumikizana, mabungwe ankakonda kugwiritsa ntchito njira zinazake zothetsera mavuto enaake.
Njira zimenezi zopezera chitetezo cha OT zinapangitsa kuti pakhale netiweki yovuta pomwe mayankho sakanatha kugawana zambiri ndikupereka mawonekedwe athunthu.
Nthawi zambiri, maukonde a IT ndi OT amasungidwa mosiyana zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kubwerezabwereza kwa chitetezo komanso kupewa kuwonekera poyera. Maukonde a IT OT awa sangathe kutsatira zomwe zikuchitika pamalo onse owukira.
-
Kawirikawiri, ma network a OT amauza COO ndipo ma network a IT amauza CIO, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magulu awiri achitetezo a ma network aziteteza theka la ma network onse. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzindikira malire a malo owukira chifukwa magulu osiyanawa sadziwa zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi ma network awoawo. Kuwonjezera pa kukhala ovuta kuwayang'anira bwino, ma network a OT IT amasiya mipata yayikulu pachitetezo.
Monga momwe ikulongosolera njira yake yopezera chitetezo cha OT, ndi kuzindikira zoopsa msanga pogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chonse cha momwe zinthu zilili pa intaneti ya IT ndi OT.
IT (Ukadaulo Wazidziwitso) vs. OT (Ukadaulo Wogwira Ntchito)
Tanthauzo
Teknoloji ya Zaukadaulo (IT): Amatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta, ma network, ndi mapulogalamu kuti azisamalira deta ndi chidziwitso m'mabizinesi ndi m'mabungwe. Amaphatikizapo chilichonse kuyambira zida zamagetsi (ma seva, ma rauta) mpaka mapulogalamu (mapulogalamu, ma database) omwe amathandizira ntchito zamabizinesi, kulumikizana, ndi kasamalidwe ka deta.
OT (Ukadaulo Wogwira Ntchito): Zimaphatikizapo zida ndi mapulogalamu omwe amazindikira kapena kuyambitsa kusintha kudzera mu kuyang'anira mwachindunji ndi kuwongolera zida zakuthupi, njira, ndi zochitika m'bungwe. OT imapezeka kwambiri m'magawo amafakitale, monga kupanga, mphamvu, ndi mayendedwe, ndipo imaphatikizapo machitidwe monga SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) ndi PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers).
Kusiyana Kwakukulu
| Mbali | IT | OT |
| Cholinga | Kusamalira ndi kukonza deta | Kulamulira machitidwe akuthupi |
| Kuyang'ana kwambiri | Machitidwe a chidziwitso ndi chitetezo cha deta | Makina odziyimira pawokha komanso kuyang'anira zida |
| Zachilengedwe | Maofesi, malo osungira deta | Mafakitale, malo ogwirira ntchito zamafakitale |
| Mitundu ya Deta | Deta ya digito, zikalata | Zambiri zenizeni kuchokera ku masensa ndi makina |
| Chitetezo | Chitetezo cha pa intaneti ndi chitetezo cha deta | Chitetezo ndi kudalirika kwa machitidwe enieni |
| Ma protocol | HTTP, FTP, TCP/IP | Modbus, OPC, DNP3 |
Kuphatikizana
Chifukwa cha kukula kwa Industry 4.0 ndi Internet of Things (IoT), kugwirizana kwa IT ndi OT kukukhala kofunikira. Kuphatikiza kumeneku cholinga chake ndi kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito, kukonza kusanthula deta, ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale zisankho zabwino. Komabe, kumabweretsanso mavuto okhudzana ndi chitetezo cha pa intaneti, chifukwa machitidwe a OT nthawi zambiri ankalekanitsidwa ndi maukonde a IT.
Nkhani Yofanana:Intaneti Yanu Imafunika Wothandizira Paketi ya Network kuti Atetezeke pa Network
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-05-2024
