Network Packet Broker (NPB) ndi chipangizo cholumikizirana chomwe chimakhala ndi switch chomwe chimakhala ndi kukula kuyambira pazida zonyamulika mpaka mayunitsi a 1U ndi 2U mpaka mayunitsi akuluakulu ndi makina a bolodi. Mosiyana ndi switch, NPB sisintha kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwe amadutsamo mwanjira iliyonse pokhapokha ngati yalangizidwa momveka bwino. NPB imatha kulandira kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pa interface imodzi kapena zingapo, kuchita ntchito zina zomwe zafotokozedwa kale pa traffic imeneyo, kenako nkuitulutsa ku interface imodzi kapena zingapo.
Izi nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa mapu a madoko aliwonse, ambiri, komanso ambiri. Ntchito zomwe zingachitike zimayambira pa zosavuta, monga kutumiza kapena kutaya magalimoto, mpaka zovuta, monga kusefa zambiri pamwamba pa gawo 5 kuti zizindikire gawo linalake. Ma interfaces pa NPB amatha kukhala kulumikizana kwa chingwe cha mkuwa, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala mafelemu a SFP/SFP + ndi QSFP, omwe amalola ogwiritsa ntchito kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya media ndi bandwidth. Seti ya mawonekedwe a NPB imamangidwa pa mfundo yokulitsa magwiridwe antchito a zida za netiweki, makamaka kuyang'anira, kusanthula, ndi zida zachitetezo.
Kodi Network Packet Broker imapereka ntchito ziti?
Mphamvu za NPB ndi zambiri ndipo zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi mtundu ndi mtundu wa chipangizocho, ngakhale kuti wothandizira aliyense wa phukusi woyenera kumuthandiza adzafuna kukhala ndi mphamvu zake zazikulu. NPB yambiri (NPB yodziwika bwino) imagwira ntchito pa zigawo za OSI 2 mpaka 4.
Kawirikawiri, mungapeze zinthu zotsatirazi pa NPB ya L2-4: kusuntha kwa magalimoto (kapena mbali zake zinazake), kusefa magalimoto, kubwerezabwereza magalimoto, kuchotsa ma protocol, kudula mapaketi (kudula), kuyambitsa kapena kuletsa ma protocol osiyanasiyana a network tunnel, ndi kulinganiza katundu wa magalimoto. Monga momwe zikuyembekezeredwa, NPB ya L2-4 imatha kusefa ma VLAN, ma MPLS labels, ma adilesi a MAC (source ndi target), ma IP address (source ndi target), ma ports a TCP ndi UDP (source ndi target), komanso ma flags a TCP, komanso ma ICMP, SCTP, ndi ARP traffic. Izi sizili mbali yoti igwiritsidwe ntchito, koma imapereka lingaliro la momwe NPB yogwirira ntchito pa zigawo 2 mpaka 4 ingalekanitse ndikuzindikira ma subset a magalimoto. Chofunika chachikulu chomwe makasitomala ayenera kuyang'ana mu NPB ndi backplane yosaletsa.
Wothandizira pa intaneti ayenera kukhala ndi luso lokwanira kukwaniritsa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwe amabwera kuchokera pa doko lililonse pa chipangizocho. Mu dongosolo la chassis, kulumikizana ndi backplane kuyeneranso kukhala ndi luso lokwanira kukwaniritsa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwe amabwera kuchokera ku ma module olumikizidwa. Ngati NPB itaya paketi, zida izi sizidzamvetsetsa bwino za netiweki.
Ngakhale kuti NPB yambiri imachokera ku ASIC kapena FPGA, chifukwa cha kutsimikizika kwa magwiridwe antchito a paketi, mupeza kuti ma integrations ambiri kapena ma CPU ndi ovomerezeka (kudzera mu ma module). Mylinking™ Network Packet Brokers (NPB) amachokera ku yankho la ASIC. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala mawonekedwe omwe amapereka njira yosinthika ndipo motero sizingachitike mu hardware yokha. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuchotsera paketi, ma timestamp, SSL/TLS decryption, kusaka mawu osakira, ndi kusaka kwanthawi zonse. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti magwiridwe antchito ake amadalira magwiridwe antchito a CPU. (Mwachitsanzo, kusaka kwanthawi zonse kwa mawonekedwe ofanana kumatha kupereka zotsatira zosiyana kwambiri malinga ndi mtundu wa magalimoto, kuchuluka kofananira, ndi bandwidth), kotero sizophweka kudziwa musanagwiritse ntchito kwenikweni.
Ngati zinthu zomwe zimadalira CPU zikugwiritsidwa ntchito, zimakhala cholepheretsa pakugwira ntchito konse kwa NPB. Kubwera kwa cpus ndi ma programmable switching chips, monga Cavium Xpliant, Barefoot Tofino ndi Innovium Teralynx, kunapanganso maziko a luso lowonjezereka la ma network packet agents a m'badwo wotsatira. Ma unit ogwira ntchito awa amatha kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwa magalimoto opitilira L4 (omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa L7 packet agents). Pakati pa zinthu zapamwamba zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, mawu ofunikira ndi kusaka nthawi zonse ndi zitsanzo zabwino za luso la m'badwo wotsatira. Kutha kusaka ma package payloads kumapereka mwayi wosefera kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pa session ndi ma application levels, ndipo kumapereka ulamuliro wabwino pa network yomwe ikusintha kuposa L2-4.
Kodi Network Packet Broker ikugwirizana bwanji ndi zomangamanga?
NPB ikhoza kuyikidwa mu netiweki m'njira ziwiri zosiyana:
1- Yokhala pa intaneti
2- Kutuluka mu gulu.
Njira iliyonse ili ndi ubwino ndi kuipa kwake ndipo imalola kusintha kwa magalimoto m'njira zomwe njira zina sizingathe. Wogulitsa ma packet a network ali ndi ma network traffic enieni omwe amadutsa chipangizocho paulendo wake wopita komwe akupita. Izi zimapereka mwayi wosintha magalimoto nthawi yeniyeni. Mwachitsanzo, powonjezera, kusintha, kapena kuchotsa ma tag a VLAN kapena kusintha ma IP address, magalimoto amakopedwa ku ulalo wachiwiri. Monga njira ya inline, NPB ingaperekenso kubwerezabwereza kwa zida zina za inline, monga IDS, IPS, kapena firewalls. NPB imatha kuyang'anira momwe zida zotere zilili ndikusinthira magalimoto kukhala hot standby ngati zalephera.
Zimapereka kusinthasintha kwakukulu pa momwe magalimoto amagwiritsidwira ntchito ndikubwerezedwa ku zida zambiri zowunikira komanso chitetezo popanda kukhudza netiweki yeniyeni. Zimaperekanso mawonekedwe osayerekezeka a netiweki ndipo zimaonetsetsa kuti zida zonse zimalandira kopi ya kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwe amafunikira kuti agwire bwino ntchito zawo. Sikuti zimangotsimikizira kuti zida zanu zowunikira, chitetezo, ndi kusanthula zimapeza kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwe amafunikira, komanso kuti netiweki yanu ndi yotetezeka. Zimathandizanso kuti chipangizocho chisagwiritse ntchito zinthu zomwe sizikufunikira. Mwina chowunikira chanu cha netiweki sichifunika kulemba kuchuluka kwa magalimoto chifukwa chimatenga malo amtengo wapatali pa disk panthawi yobwezeretsa. Zinthuzi zimasefedwa mosavuta kuchokera ku chowunikira pomwe zikusunga kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ena onse a chidacho. Mwina muli ndi subnet yonse yomwe mukufuna kubisa ku dongosolo lina; kachiwiri, izi zimachotsedwa mosavuta pa doko losankhidwa lotulutsa. Ndipotu, NPB imodzi imatha kukonza maulalo ena a magalimoto mkati pamene ikugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto ena akunja kwa gulu.
Nthawi yotumizira: Marichi-09-2022
