1. Lingaliro la Kubisa Deta
Kubisa deta kumadziwikanso kuti kubisa deta. Ndi njira yaukadaulo yosinthira, kusintha kapena kubisa deta yachinsinsi monga nambala ya foni yam'manja, nambala ya khadi la banki ndi zina zambiri tikapereka malamulo ndi mfundo zobisa deta. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poletsa deta yachinsinsi kuti isagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji m'malo osadalirika.
Mfundo Yokhudza Kubisa Deta: Kubisa deta kuyenera kusunga makhalidwe oyambirira a deta, malamulo a bizinesi, ndi kufunika kwa deta kuti zitsimikizire kuti chitukuko, kuyesa, ndi kusanthula deta pambuyo pake sizidzakhudzidwa ndi kubisa. Onetsetsani kuti deta ikugwirizana komanso kuti ndi yolondola musanayambe komanso mutatha kubisa.
2. Kugawa Deta Masking
Kubisa deta kungagawidwe m'magulu awiri: static data masking (SDM) ndi dynamic data masking (DDM).
Kubisa deta yosasinthasintha (SDM): Kubisa deta yosasinthika kumafuna kukhazikitsidwa kwa database yatsopano yosapanga zinthu kuti ichotsedwe ku malo opangira zinthu. Deta yodziwikiratu imachotsedwa ku database yopanga zinthu kenako nkusungidwa mu database yosapanga zinthu. Mwanjira imeneyi, deta yosapanga zinthu imachotsedwa ku malo opangira zinthu, zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowa za bizinesi ndikutsimikizira chitetezo cha deta yopanga zinthu.
Kuphimba Deta Yosinthika (DDM): Kawirikawiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu kuti ichepetse chidwi cha deta yachinsinsi nthawi yeniyeni. Nthawi zina, magawo osiyanasiyana a chophimba amafunika kuti muwerenge deta yachinsinsi yomweyi m'mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, maudindo ndi zilolezo zosiyanasiyana zitha kukhazikitsa njira zosiyanasiyana zophimba chophimba.
Kupereka malipoti a deta ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chophimba zinthu za deta
Zochitika zoterezi zimaphatikizapo zinthu zowunikira deta zamkati kapena chikwangwani, zinthu za deta yautumiki wakunja, ndi malipoti otengera kusanthula deta, monga malipoti a bizinesi ndi kuwunikanso polojekiti.
3. Yankho la Kubisa Deta
Njira zodziwika bwino zobisa deta zimaphatikizapo: kuletsa, mtengo wosasinthika, kusintha deta, kubisa deta molingana, mtengo wapakati, kuchotsera ndi kuzungulira, ndi zina zotero.
Kusavomerezeka: Kulephera kumatanthauza kubisa, kudula, kapena kubisa deta yachinsinsi. Ndondomekoyi nthawi zambiri imalowa m'malo mwa deta yeniyeni ndi zizindikiro zapadera (monga *). Ntchitoyi ndi yosavuta, koma ogwiritsa ntchito sangadziwe mtundu wa deta yoyambirira, zomwe zingakhudze mapulogalamu otsatira a deta.
Mtengo Wosasinthika: Mtengo wosasinthika umatanthauza kusintha mwachisawawa deta yobisika (manambala amalowa m'malo mwa manambala, zilembo zimalowa m'malo mwa zilembo, ndipo zilembo zimalowa m'malo mwa zilembo). Njira yobisa iyi idzaonetsetsa kuti deta yobisika ikupezeka pamlingo winawake ndikuthandizira kugwiritsa ntchito deta pambuyo pake. Mabuku obisa angafunike pa mawu ena ofunika, monga mayina a anthu ndi malo.
Kusintha Deta: Kusintha deta kuli kofanana ndi kubisa ma null ndi random values, kupatula kuti m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito zilembo zapadera kapena ma random values, deta yobisa imasinthidwa ndi mtengo winawake.
Kubisa Kofanana: Kubisa deta molingana ndi njira yapadera yobisika. Imabisa deta yachinsinsi kudzera mu makiyi obisa ndi ma algorithms. Kapangidwe ka ciphertext kamagwirizana ndi deta yoyambirira m'malamulo olondola.
Avereji: Ndondomeko yapakati nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo owerengera. Pa deta ya manambala, choyamba timawerengera avareji yawo, kenako timagawa mwachisawawa mitengo yocheperako yozungulira avareji, motero kusunga kuchuluka kwa detayo kukhala kosasintha.
Kuchotsera ndi KuzunguliraNjira iyi imasintha deta ya digito mwa kusintha kosasintha. Kuzungulira kwa offset kumatsimikizira kutsimikizika kwa mtunduwo pamene kusunga chitetezo cha deta, chomwe chili pafupi ndi deta yeniyeni kuposa njira zam'mbuyomu, ndipo chili ndi tanthauzo lalikulu pazochitika za kusanthula deta yayikulu.
Chitsanzo Chovomerezeka "ML-NPB-5660"kwa Data Masking
4. Njira Zogwiritsira Ntchito Kwambiri Zobisa Deta
(1). Njira Zowerengera
Kusankha deta ndi kusonkhanitsa deta
- Kusankha deta: Kusanthula ndi kuwunika deta yoyambirira posankha gawo loyimira deta ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yowongolera magwiridwe antchito a njira zochotsera chidziwitso.
- Kusonkhanitsa deta: Monga gulu la njira zowerengera (monga kuphatikiza, kuwerengera, avareji, kuchuluka kwakukulu ndi kocheperako) zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zinthu zomwe zili mu microdata, zotsatira zake zikuyimira zolemba zonse zomwe zili mu data yoyambirira.
(2). Kujambula Zithunzi Zachinsinsi
Kulemba chinsinsi ndi njira yodziwika bwino yochepetsera kapena kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya kuchotsa chidziwitso. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma algorithms obisa zinthu imatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana za kuchotsa chidziwitso.
- Kubisa kotsimikizika: Kubisa kosasinthika. Nthawi zambiri kumakonza deta ya ID ndipo kumatha kuchotsa ndikubwezeretsa ciphertext ku ID yoyambirira ngati pakufunika kutero, koma kiyiyo iyenera kutetezedwa bwino.
- Kubisa kosasinthika: Ntchito ya hash imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza deta, yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa deta ya ID. Siingathe kuchotsedwa mwachindunji ndipo ubale wa mapu uyenera kusungidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a ntchito ya hash, kugundana kwa deta kungachitike.
- Homomorphic encryption: Njira yogwiritsira ntchito ciphertext homomorphic algorithm imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Khalidwe lake ndilakuti zotsatira za ntchito ya ciphertext zimakhala zofanana ndi zomwe zimachitika pambuyo pa decryption. Chifukwa chake, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza minda ya manambala, koma siigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazifukwa za magwiridwe antchito.
(3). Ukadaulo wa Machitidwe
Ukadaulo woletsa deta umachotsa kapena kuteteza zinthu zomwe sizikukwaniritsa chitetezo chachinsinsi, koma sizimafalitsa.
- Kubisa nkhope: kumatanthauza njira yodziwika kwambiri yobisa mtengo wa chikhumbo, monga nambala ya mdani, khadi la ID lomwe lalembedwa ndi nyenyezi, kapena adilesi yadulidwa.
- Kuletsa kwa m'deralo: kumatanthauza njira yochotsera ma specific attribute values (ma columns), kuchotsa ma data fields osafunikira;
- Kuletsa kulemba: kumatanthauza njira yochotsera zolemba zinazake (mizere), kuchotsa zolemba zosafunikira.
(4). Ukadaulo wa Dzina Lonyenga
Kuzindikira zinthu molakwika ndi njira yochotsera chizindikiritso chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito dzina lolakwika m'malo mwa chizindikiro chodziwikiratu (kapena chizindikiro china chodziwikiratu). Njira zodziwikiratu zimapanga zizindikiro zapadera za munthu aliyense payekha, m'malo mwa zizindikiro zodziwikiratu kapena zodziwikiratu.
- Imatha kupanga ma values osadziwika bwino kuti agwirizane ndi ID yoyambirira, kusunga tebulo la mapu, ndikuwongolera mosamala mwayi wopeza tebulo la mapu.
- Mungagwiritsenso ntchito kubisa kuti mupange mayina olakwika, koma muyenera kusunga kiyi yochotsera mawu moyenera;
Ukadaulo uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa anthu ambiri ogwiritsa ntchito deta paokha, monga OpenID mu pulogalamu yotseguka, pomwe opanga mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana amapeza ma Openids osiyanasiyana kwa wogwiritsa ntchito yemweyo.
(5). Njira Zogwiritsira Ntchito Zinthu Zonse
Njira yodziwira deta imatanthauza njira yochotsera kuzindikiritsa deta yomwe imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zasankhidwa mu deta ndipo imapereka kufotokozera kwapadera komanso kosamveka bwino kwa deta. Ukadaulo wodziwira deta ndi wosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo ungateteze kutsimikizika kwa deta ya mulingo wolembedwa. Umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzinthu za deta kapena malipoti a deta.
- Kuzungulira: kumaphatikizapo kusankha maziko ozungulira a chinthu chosankhidwa, monga kufufuza kwapamwamba kapena pansi, zomwe zimabweretsa zotsatira 100, 500, 1K, ndi 10K
- Njira zolembera pamwamba ndi pansi: Sinthani ma values omwe ali pamwamba (kapena pansi) pa malire ndi malire omwe akuyimira mulingo wapamwamba (kapena pansi), zomwe zimabweretsa zotsatira za "pamwamba pa X" kapena "pansi pa X"
(6). Njira Zosinthira Zinthu Mwachisawawa
Monga njira yochotsera chidziwitso, ukadaulo wosankhana mitundu umatanthauza kusintha mtengo wa chinthu kudzera mu randomization, kotero kuti mtengo pambuyo pa randomization ukhale wosiyana ndi mtengo weniweni woyambirira. Njirayi imachepetsa kuthekera kwa wowukira kupeza mtengo wa chinthu kuchokera ku mitengo ina ya zinthu zomwe zili mu mbiri yomweyo ya deta, koma zimakhudza kutsimikizika kwa deta yomwe yatuluka, komwe kumachitika kawirikawiri ndi deta yoyesera kupanga.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-27-2022
